Hundreds of American Humvees have been left to rust in scrapyards across Afghanistan, three years after the US abandoned the trucks – so emblematic of its military campaign in the country – to the new Taliban regime.

三年過(guò)去了，美國(guó)遺棄的數(shù)百輛悍馬車——曾是其在阿富汗軍事行動(dòng)的象征——如今散落在阿富汗各地的廢品場(chǎng)內(nèi)銹蝕不堪，被新塔利班政權(quán)接管后也無(wú)人問(wèn)津。

New satellite images from former Nato and US bases in several Afghan provinces show the US-made vehicles dismantled and hollowed out, with their parts haphazardly strewn around open-air garages and compounds.

最新的衛(wèi)星圖像顯示，在阿富汗多個(gè)省份的前北約和美軍基地內(nèi)，美制車輛已被拆解掏空，零部件隨意散落在露天車庫(kù)和院落中。
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The US forces tried to dismantle or destroy much of their machinery, from aircraft to computer systems, in the last weeks of their chaotic pull-out from Afghanistan after 20 years of war. But much still fell to the Taliban in August 2021 when the US-trained Afghan military crumbled and surrendered to the Islamist militants, according to US defence officials.

據(jù)美國(guó)國(guó)防官員透露，在長(zhǎng)達(dá)20年的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后，美軍在混亂撤離阿富汗的最后幾周內(nèi)，試圖拆解或銷毀大量設(shè)備，包括飛機(jī)和計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)。然而，隨著受美軍訓(xùn)練的阿富汗軍隊(duì)在2021年8月迅速崩潰并向塔利班投降，仍有大量裝備落入塔利班手中。

The Pentagon says US forces left behind military equipment worth over $7.2bn at the time. Glimpses of this leftover military hardware are occasionally seen at Taliban events, such as a grand parade held by the Taliban at Bagram airbase in August to mark their three years in power.

五角大樓表示，美軍當(dāng)時(shí)遺留的軍事裝備總價(jià)值超過(guò)72億美元。這些遺留的軍事硬件偶爾會(huì)出現(xiàn)在塔利班的活動(dòng)中，例如今年8月塔利班在巴格拉姆空軍基地舉行的一場(chǎng)大型閱兵式，以紀(jì)念其執(zhí)政三周年。
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Images from the immediate aftermath of the pull-out showed Taliban militants seizing US-supplied firepower, including guns, ammunition, helicopters and other modern military equipment.

撤離后的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)圖片顯示，塔利班武裝分子奪取了美軍提供的武器裝備，包括槍支、彈藥、直升機(jī)以及其他現(xiàn)代化軍事裝備。

The Independent has analysed images from Kabul, Kandahar, Herat, Khost and Ghazni which show Humvees, along with other military and heavy vehicles such as rangers and army tracks that were given by the American armed forces to the Afghan National Defence Security Forces and police authorities before the fall of Kabul in August 2021.

《獨(dú)立報(bào)》分析了來(lái)自喀布爾、坎大哈、赫拉特、霍斯特和加茲尼的圖像，這些圖像顯示悍馬車以及其他軍事和重型車輛，例如游騎兵車輛和軍用卡車，曾在2021年8月喀布爾陷落之前由美軍交付給阿富汗國(guó)家國(guó)防安全部隊(duì)和警察機(jī)構(gòu)。

The majority of these Humvees are seen in images from the two power centres in Afghanistan – Kabul and Kandahar – with several in the backyard of the Kabul International Airport. Most of the Humvees in Kandahar are also seen at the now-abandoned US military-run airbase near the Spin Boldak road.

這些悍馬車的大部分出現(xiàn)在阿富汗兩大權(quán)力中心——喀布爾和坎大哈的圖像中。其中一些停放在喀布爾國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)的后院，而坎大哈的悍馬車則大多分布在靠近斯平博爾達(dá)克公路的現(xiàn)已廢棄的美軍空軍基地內(nèi)。



Contrasting the available images from 2019 and 2020, when the US and Afghan forces jointly managed the bases, with images from now, under the Taliban regime, shows the poor state of these vehicles.

與2019年和2020年美軍與阿富汗軍隊(duì)共同管理這些基地時(shí)的圖像相比，如今在塔利班政權(quán)下的圖像顯示，這些車輛狀況已非常糟糕。

Qais Alamdar, an open source intelligence researcher and analyst, confirms to The Independent that at least 20 geolocated coordinates from Afghanistan show abandoned Humvees, as well as other armoured vehicles, trucks and tanks.

開(kāi)源情報(bào)研究員兼分析師凱斯·阿拉姆達(dá)爾向《獨(dú)立報(bào)》證實(shí)，至少20個(gè)來(lái)自阿富汗的地理定位坐標(biāo)顯示有被遺棄的悍馬車，以及其他裝甲車、卡車和坦克。

“The comparison [of images] from before the Taliban took over shows that they are no longer able to upkeep this expensive Nato machinery, and there are several reasons for it – including the maintenance and expensive fuel to run them,” he says.

他表示：“對(duì)比塔利班接管前的圖像可以看出，他們已經(jīng)無(wú)法維持這些昂貴的北約設(shè)備，這其中有多個(gè)原因——包括維護(hù)成本高昂以及運(yùn)行所需的昂貴燃料?！?/b>

In the first few months of their takeover, the Taliban were using these Humvees alongside pick-up trucks to patrol parts of Afghan provinces, but over the years they seem to have junked them by the dozen, Mr Alamdar says.

阿拉姆達(dá)爾表示，在塔利班接管后的前幾個(gè)月，他們?cè)褂眠@些悍馬車和皮卡車一起巡邏阿富汗各省的部分地區(qū)，但隨著時(shí)間的推移，似乎他們已經(jīng)把這些悍馬車一輛輛丟棄了。

Besmillah Taban, former general director of the Crime Investigation Department (CID) under the Ashraf Ghani government, says the fuel to run Humvees is more expensive and the spare parts to repair them are impossible to get outside of US and European markets.

前阿什拉夫·加尼政府犯罪調(diào)查部門（CID）前總局局長(zhǎng)貝斯米拉·塔班表示，悍馬車的燃料非常昂貴，而其所需的零部件在美國(guó)和歐洲市場(chǎng)之外幾乎無(wú)法獲取。

“It’s not just the fuel, which guzzles five to six times more than an average vehicle, but you cannot find even a small part of the Humvee in the Afghan bazar. You have to order from the United Arab Emirates. The maintenance of the Humvee is turning out to be costly and, frankly, out of the budget for the Taliban,” he says.

他說(shuō)：“不僅僅是燃料，悍馬車的油耗是普通車輛的五到六倍，甚至連悍馬車的小零部件在阿富汗的市場(chǎng)上也找不到，必須從阿聯(lián)酋訂購(gòu)。悍馬車的維修成本越來(lái)越高，坦率來(lái)說(shuō)，已經(jīng)超出了塔利班的預(yù)算?！?/b>
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“The Taliban’s local leaders now seem to have switched to using motorcycles to carry out patrolling, especially in areas like Baghlan and Badakhshan,” he says.

他還表示：“塔利班的地方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人現(xiàn)在似乎已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)而使用摩托車進(jìn)行巡邏，特別是在巴格蘭和巴達(dá)赫尚等地區(qū)?！?/b>

Mr Taban, who worked in Kabul near the places where the Humvees have been disposed of, says the mechanics who worked for Nato forces are now in the US or other parts of the world, and afraid to return to Afghanistan.

塔班先生曾在喀布爾工作，靠近悍馬車被廢棄的地方，他表示，曾為北約部隊(duì)工作的機(jī)械師現(xiàn)在都在美國(guó)或其他地方，而且也不敢返回阿富汗。

“Even if you manage to buy a spare part or fix a Humvee in such dire conditions, you can do it for 10 to 12 Humvees, not 100 or 200 Humvees,” Mr Taban says.

塔班先生說(shuō)：“即使你設(shè)法購(gòu)買到零部件或在這種艱難的條件下修理悍馬車，也只能修理10到12輛，而不是100或200輛。”

As a result, the Humvees are now a mere showpiece of stolen American equipment, stationed at border checkpoints in the country.

因此，悍馬車現(xiàn)在成了一種擺設(shè)，停放在阿富汗各地的邊境檢查站。

In a rare show of force, a column of Humvees was used to guard the procession at the funeral of the senior Taliban minister Khalil Haqqani, who was killed in a suicide bombing attack last week. Sources present at his funeral told The Independent that a convoy of around 30 to 40 Humvees was placed in a line at the burial in Paktia province.

在一次罕見(jiàn)的武力展示中，一列悍馬車被用來(lái)護(hù)衛(wèi)塔利班高級(jí)部長(zhǎng)哈利勒·哈卡尼的葬禮隊(duì)伍，他在上周的自殺式爆炸襲擊中喪生。參加葬禮的消息人士告訴《獨(dú)立報(bào)》，大約30至40輛悍馬車的車隊(duì)排成一列，停放在帕克蒂亞省的葬禮現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。


In the absence of spare parts, the Taliban is cannibalising these Humvees, says Lynne O'Donnell, journalist and analyst on Afghanistan. The satellite images showed several Humvees that appeared to have been broken down or hollowed out completely.

阿富汗問(wèn)題記者兼分析師林恩·奧唐奈表示，由于缺乏零部件，塔利班正在拆解這些悍馬車。衛(wèi)星圖像顯示，幾輛悍馬車似乎已經(jīng)完全被拆解或掏空。

Pointing to how the Taliban was able to fix Black Hawk helicopters and other US military aircraft that they flew in Afghanistan, she says the US trained the Afghan military to repair and maintain the billions of dollars worth of materiel that was transferred to the republic to build its military capacity.

她指出，塔利班能夠修理黑鷹直升機(jī)和其他美軍飛機(jī)，這些飛機(jī)曾在阿富汗被塔利班使用。她表示，美國(guó)曾培訓(xùn)阿富汗軍隊(duì)修理和維護(hù)數(shù)十億美元的軍事裝備，這些裝備被轉(zhuǎn)交給阿富汗政府以增強(qiáng)其軍事實(shí)力。

The US spent around $83bn to develop and sustain Afghan security forces from 2001 to 2021, according to reports from the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction, which oversees American taxpayers’ money spent on the conflict.

根據(jù)阿富汗重建特別監(jiān)察長(zhǎng)的報(bào)告，美國(guó)在2001至2021年間花費(fèi)了大約830億美元，用于發(fā)展和維持阿富汗安全部隊(duì)，該機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)管美國(guó)納稅人資金在沖突中的使用。

Ahmad Zia Saraj, who served as Afghanistan’s spy chief from 2019 to 2021, says there is a concern that the Taliban will be able to raise funds by selling off parts of former US military hardware on the black market via neighbours like Pakistan and Iran.

阿富汗前間諜負(fù)責(zé)人艾哈邁德·齊亞·薩拉吉表示，有人擔(dān)心塔利班會(huì)通過(guò)鄰國(guó)如巴基斯坦和伊朗，將前美國(guó)軍事裝備的零部件通過(guò)黑市出售籌集資金。
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“As soon as the Taliban took over the depots of the ministry of defence, they were looted, they stole a lot of things, weapons, ammunition, and these spare parts of these vehicles, and all of them were sold in the black markets of Pakistan,” he says.

他說(shuō)：“塔利班一接管國(guó)防部的倉(cāng)庫(kù)，就開(kāi)始了搶劫，他們偷走了很多東西，包括武器、彈藥以及這些車輛的零部件，所有這些都被賣到了巴基斯坦的黑市?！?/b>


“Soon they will just sell these Nato vehicles like scrap and of course, the market will be Pakistan and how Pakistan will use it later on,” he says.

他說(shuō)：“很快，他們將把這些北約車輛像廢品一樣出售，當(dāng)然，市場(chǎng)會(huì)是巴基斯坦，而巴基斯坦之后將如何使用這些車輛則是另一個(gè)問(wèn)題?！?br />