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Anonymous
Put simply, because of China/Confucianism and India/Hinduism.
South East Asia has been influenced by the Indian style of monarchy. This meant all power was concentrated in the king, without a government. Therefore when he died, there was no succession - everyone could claim his throne, making South East Asia unstable.
East Asia was under Chinese Confucian influence. As Confucianism is very patriarchal, East Asian kingdoms were usually inherited by the king's eldest son. This was all maintained by a bureaucracy, which South East Asian kingdoms usually lacked.
Confucianism is also more clan-based. East Asians usually had a family tree, which helped them to support each other (for business, power etc). Indianised South East Asians didn't have such a clan system.

簡單地說，就是中國的儒家思想和印度的印度教思想之間存在巨大的區(qū)別
東南亞一直受到印度君主制度的影響。這意味著所有的權(quán)力都集中在國王手里，沒有政府。因此，當(dāng)國王一死，王位無人繼承的時候，所有人都會出來爭奪王位，這使得東南亞變得很不穩(wěn)定
東亞處于中國的儒家思想影響下。由于儒家思想崇尚宗法制度，東亞國家往往是由國王長子繼承王位。東亞國家的運(yùn)行要靠官僚機(jī)構(gòu)維持，而這是東南亞國家所缺乏的。
儒家思想往往以宗族為基礎(chǔ)。東亞人往往都會有一本家譜，這有助于他們彼此之間相互幫助。印度化的東南亞人沒有這樣一個宗族系統(tǒng)。

Sai Sathvik Madisetty
June 19
You have a lot of misconceptions regarding Hindu monarchy system. In Hindu monarchy/law, the father decides which son should inherit the throne. I guess you are referring to Mughal empire and other Islamic Empires. Mughals were strictly following their Turko-Mongol system where the sons fight for inheritance, even though there were only 2 emperors who were not Indianized. The concept of respecting elders and worshipping ancestors is very much part of Hindu/Buddhist/Jain/Sikh philosophy.

你對印度的君主制度有很大的誤解。在印度的君主制/法律中，父親決定由誰來繼承自己的王位。我猜你指的是莫臥兒帝國和其他伊斯蘭帝國。莫臥兒人嚴(yán)格遵循突厥-蒙古制度，兒子們?yōu)槔^承權(quán)而戰(zhàn)，盡管只有兩個君主沒有被印度化。尊敬長輩和崇拜祖先的觀念是印度教/佛教/耆那教/錫克教哲學(xué)的重要組成部分。

Kenneth Marks, works at Self-Employment
I guess you are referring to China, Japan and Korean. The all have ports for trade and they are educated and spend money on research and development. The south Asian countries leaders are more concerned with their personal wealth first.

我猜你指的是中國，日本和韓國。這些國家都有貿(mào)易港口，普及了教育，而且在研發(fā)上又投入了大筆資金。南亞國家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人更關(guān)心他們的個人財富。

Sunataro Suna, studied at MBA in Hospitality and Tourism
Beause the SEA states has been destroyed and robbed by invaders. the colonialism destroyed the local government system for hundreads of years. robbed natural resources, and forced the newly independent states to pay war compensation, thus making the colonized countries lbackward and poor.

因?yàn)闁|南亞的國家遭受到了侵略者的破壞和掠奪。殖民主義破壞了東南亞數(shù)百年來的政府系統(tǒng)，他們掠奪自然資源，強(qiáng)迫新獨(dú)立的國家支付戰(zhàn)爭賠款，這些做法使得殖民地國家變得落后又貧窮。

Peter Topping, ASEAN nerd, Indonesia fan and Myanmar watcher with Vietnamese neighbours.
Answered November 2, 2018
The East Asian Cultures of Japan, Korea & Taiwan have had the advantage of being defence funded propositions in the period 1945 onward. All have seen billions of dollars of funding from the US and the West into them as buffers against Soviet expansionism. Their products have easy access to rich markets of the United States and the West

東亞文化下的日本韓國和臺灣地區(qū)擁有一個優(yōu)勢，那就是他們的國防可以獲得外部的資助，美國和西方將他們作為對抗蘇聯(lián)的緩沖區(qū)，向其投資了數(shù)十億美元。他們的產(chǎn)品可以輕易的進(jìn)入美國和西方這些富裕國家的市場

They are culturally much more homogenous than the SE Asian nations.
They also have the advantage of not having had a European Colonial History.
They also have had the continuous and stabilising advantage of Centuries of engagement with the Chinese Empire and culture. All developed Chinese cultural traits for respect for authority, study, saving and education which helps with governance and development.
SE Asia has only entered the post colonial and nation building experience in the 50s and 60s and then it was wracked by war and civil conflict.

與東南亞國家相比，東亞國家文化同質(zhì)性更高
他們還有一個優(yōu)勢就是沒有遭受過歐洲的殖民
幾個世紀(jì)以來，他們一直與中華帝國和中華文化保持著持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的聯(lián)系。中國先進(jìn)的文化特征，如尊重權(quán)威，崇尚學(xué)習(xí)，熱衷儲蓄教育等，都對治理和發(fā)展起到了幫助作用。
東南亞在50年代和60年代才進(jìn)入后殖民國家建設(shè)階段，然后又遭遇了戰(zhàn)爭和國內(nèi)沖突的破壞。

Anonymous
Because of the stronger work ethics of East Asians in general. Those countries also belong to the Sinosphere. No seriously, here's why..
Industrialisation
Japan and Korea industrialized earlier at the turn of the century followed by China. Japan and China escaped colonialism. Most South East Asian countries did not industrialized as fast for social and political reasons.

是因?yàn)闁|亞人的職業(yè)道德普遍較高，這些國家都屬于中華文化圈，說真的，不是這樣的，原因在于：
工業(yè)化
日本和韓國工業(yè)化較早，中國緊隨其后。中國和日本擺脫了殖民主義，由于社會和政治原因，大部分東南亞國家工業(yè)化速度很慢

Access to port is another key advantage East Asian cities had. The most important cities in China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan tend to be located along the coast, many were established by European traders to begin with. The advantage of having many port cities is that it is easier to conduct international trade through shipping, transportation of raw materials and development of the local steel industries.

東亞城市的另一個優(yōu)勢就是接近港口。中國、日本、韓國和臺灣地區(qū)最重要的城市往往位于沿海地區(qū)，許多城市剛開始往往是歐洲商人建立的。擁有許多港口城市的優(yōu)勢在于，通過海運(yùn)可以更容易的進(jìn)行國際貿(mào)易，可以方便原材料的運(yùn)輸和當(dāng)?shù)劁撹F行業(yè)的發(fā)展。

Development in South East Asian countries are concentrated in a few centres over vast jurisdictions, partly due to the “divide and conquer” policy of their former colonial masters. Countries like the Phillipines and Indonesia cover large archipelago with thousands of islands.

東南亞國家的發(fā)展集中在少數(shù)幾個行政區(qū)中心，部分原因在于前殖民統(tǒng)治者對其實(shí)行的分而治之的政策。像菲律賓和印尼這樣的國家就是由數(shù)千個島嶼組成的群島。

Internal conflicts
Chinese, Japanese and South Korean societies are largely harmoneous. The population are largely ethnically homogeneous. On the other hand, countries such as Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia suffered from years of internal conflicts, civil wars, insurgencies and repressive government regimes.

內(nèi)部沖突
中國、日本和韓國社會在很大程度上是和諧的。這些國家的人口大部分是由同一種族組成。另一方面，緬甸、越南、老撾和柬埔寨等國多年來飽受內(nèi)部沖突、內(nèi)戰(zhàn)、叛亂和專制政府的蹂躪。

Government system
Japan, South Korea and Taiwan have adopted western style parliamentary democracy. South East Asian countries were ruled by dictators/military junta up until the late 1980s (the Phillipines) or 1990s (Indonesia, Myanmar).
Savings
East Asian countries tend to save more than their South East Asian counterparts. This means they can draw from domestic source for their borrowings.

政府制度
日本，韓國和臺灣地區(qū)實(shí)行西方議會民主制度。但東南亞國家直到上世紀(jì)80年代（菲律賓）90年代（印尼，緬甸）都是由軍政府獨(dú)裁統(tǒng)治的。
儲蓄
東亞國家的儲蓄率往往要比東南亞國家要高。這意味著東亞國家可以直接從國內(nèi)借款。

Trade with the US
East Asian countries benefit from stronger bilateral trade relationships with the US. The US pumped a lot of investment into those countries, leading to both transfer of capital and technology. Now have a look at the value of bilateral trades:
US-China trade $578 billion, US-Japan $195 billion, US-S.Korea $112 billion, US-Taiwan $65.3 billion
Meanwhile the US trade with Indonesia (South East Asia’s largest economy) is worth only $25 billion a year.

與美國貿(mào)易
東亞國家與美國的雙邊貿(mào)易關(guān)系更強(qiáng)，這給他們帶來了很大的好處。美國向這些國家注入了大量投資，導(dǎo)致了資本和技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)移?，F(xiàn)在看看東亞國家和美國的雙邊貿(mào)易額：
美國和中國貿(mào)易額5780億美元，美國和日本貿(mào)易額1950億美元，美國和韓國貿(mào)易額1120億美元，美國和臺灣地區(qū)貿(mào)易額653億美元
與此同時，美國與東南亞最大經(jīng)濟(jì)體印尼的貿(mào)易額每年只有250億美元

James Luong , East Asian researcher
Personally, I think it has to do with both a country's potential, culture and history. Let's compare four countries: China, Korea, Vietnam, Singapore.

我個人認(rèn)為，這與一個國家的潛力、文化和歷史都有關(guān)系。以下四個國家我們可以比較一下：中國，韓國，越南和新加坡

China is an (North)east Asian country with a com...st political system since the 1950s. China achieved land reform program which redistributed land to the poor farmers. It was economically poor and developed less back in the Cold War, but carry out the reform and opening policy in the late 70s. Thanks to its large population, economic privatization and attraction of investment and help from overseas Chinese, it is now a very quickly developing country.

中國是一個東北亞國家，從上世紀(jì)50年代開始實(shí)行共產(chǎn)主義制度。中國實(shí)行過土地改革將土地重新分配給了貧苦農(nóng)民。在冷戰(zhàn)時期，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)貧窮，發(fā)展落后，70年代末，中國實(shí)行改革開放政策。由于擁有龐大的人口，再加上實(shí)行了經(jīng)濟(jì)私有化，大力吸引外資等政策以及在海外華人的幫助下，中國取得了快速的發(fā)展。

Korea is a (North)east Asian country with a liberal political system since the 1990s. Korea achieved land reform program after the Korean War which distributed land owned by Japanese to Korean landowners. It survived the desolation of the war and developed quickly thanks to its economic policy, American investment. Like Japan, it also benefited from the Vietnam War, in which it shortly participated but mostly took on the role of logistics. The quick pace of economic development launched Korea to the place of developed country.

韓國是東北亞國家，在上世紀(jì)90年代實(shí)行了政治自由化改革。韓國在朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭后實(shí)行了土地改革計劃，將日本人擁有的土地分配給了韓國人。由于經(jīng)濟(jì)政策得當(dāng)，再加上獲得了美國投資，韓國成功渡過了戰(zhàn)爭后滿目瘡痍的時期并取得了快速的發(fā)展。與日本一樣，韓國也從越南戰(zhàn)爭中獲得了好處，雖然曾短暫參戰(zhàn)，但韓國主要負(fù)責(zé)后勤任務(wù)。經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展使韓國一躍成為發(fā)達(dá)國家。

Vietnam is a geographically Southeast Asian/culturally East Asian country with a com...st political system since the 1950s and a developing economy from the mid 1980s. Vietnam achieved land reform program in 1955 in the north and 1970 in the south, which distributed most land to poor farmers. It was economically poor and less developed back in the Cold War, and fought wars up until the 1980s, but carried out reform and opening up like China in the mid 1980s. Thanks to its privatization and to foreign investment, it is now a quickly developing country.

越南在地理上是東南亞國家，在文化上是東亞國家，自20世紀(jì)50年代開始實(shí)行共產(chǎn)主義政治制度，在80年代中期經(jīng)濟(jì)開始發(fā)展。越南在1955年和1970年分別在北部和南部實(shí)施了土地改革計劃，將大部分土地分配給貧窮的農(nóng)民。在冷戰(zhàn)時期，越南經(jīng)濟(jì)落后，直到20世紀(jì)80年代還在打仗，但在20世紀(jì)80年代中期像中國一樣實(shí)行了改革開放政策。由于私有化和外國投資，越南現(xiàn)在也取得了快速的發(fā)展。

Singapore is a Southeast Asian country with a significant population of East Asian ancestry with a liberal political system since the 1960s and a developed economy. Its place as an international port, investment from other countries and sound economic policy allowed it to develop very quickly. It is also a major location for overseas Chinese and utilize this to many effects. Singapore was not much involved in the Cold War and, being a small country, did not create any military threat. It made its way to developed country by the 2000.

新加坡是一個東南亞國家，但大量人口擁有東亞血統(tǒng)，在上世紀(jì)60年代實(shí)行政治自由化改革，是一個發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體。作為國際港口，新加坡獲得了很多的外國投資，再加上自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策得當(dāng)，使得國家取得了快速的發(fā)展。它還是海外華人的主要聚居地，并利用這一點(diǎn)發(fā)揮了許多作用。新加坡沒有卷入冷戰(zhàn)之中，作為一個小國，并沒有任何軍事威脅性。到2000年，新加坡進(jìn)入了發(fā)達(dá)國家行列。

So, comparing four countries, it could be seen that:
(1) they are all, for the most part, East Asian in culture
(2) three out of four achieved land reform, which should create a stable class of new landowners
(3) two out of four are com...st and the others liberal, but all embraced privatization by the 1980s

對比這四個國家，發(fā)現(xiàn)
他們大部分都具有東亞文化
四個國家中有三個實(shí)行了土地改革，產(chǎn)生了穩(wěn)定的新地主階級
四個國家中有兩個是共產(chǎn)主義，另外兩個是自由主義，但到了8年代都擁抱了私有化。

Soni Hendrawan, studied Information Technology
Due to some factors
Background of brutality colonialism in SEA compared to East Asian
Habits
Work ethics of those peoples between these regions
Average IQ of the population , East Asian has higher in average iq than South east Asian
Environment , South East Asia far more friendly environment and climates no challenge in Climate , SEA has always stable weather compared to East Asia, and it's all make peoples in SEA more enjoy their life for fun
Natural Resources, South East Asia countries has rich natural resources than east asian, that’s make peoples in this region more relax .
Lack of knowledge , research and development.

這是由以下幾個因素造成的
與東亞相比，東南亞曾遭受過殘酷的殖民主義的剝削
這些地區(qū)人們的習(xí)慣和職業(yè)道德
東亞人的平均智商要比東南亞人要高
在環(huán)境方面，東南亞的環(huán)境要更加的友好，沒有任何的氣候挑戰(zhàn)。與東亞相比，東南亞的氣候更加的穩(wěn)定，這使得東南亞的人能更加享受生活的樂趣
自然資源，東南亞國家擁有比東亞豐富的自然資源，這使得當(dāng)?shù)厝烁虞p松愜意。
東南亞知識匱乏，研發(fā)不足。

Vikram Garg, Think structurally, not in terms of personalities or culture
In terms of recent history, East Asian countries (apart from Phillipines) didnt really experience direct colonization. This is a major contrast to South East Asian countries, and Phillipines.

就近代史而言，東亞國家中，除菲律賓以外，都沒有遭到西方國家的直接殖民。這與東南亞國家和菲律賓有著很大的不同

Yo Ho Xu
Philippines is in Southeast Asia. East Asia usually refers to countries that share a common Confucian tradition and historically under or influenced by the Chinese culture.

菲律賓是東南亞國家，東亞國家指的是歷史上受中國文化影響或受儒家傳統(tǒng)影響的國家。

Vikram Garg
I meant in a strictly geographic sense. But yes, culturally Philippines doesnt really belong to East Asia, although I will argue it doesnt belong to South East Asia either.

在嚴(yán)格地理意義上，菲律賓屬于東亞，雖然文化上菲律賓不是東亞國家，不過我認(rèn)為菲律賓也不是東南亞國家

Yo Ho Xu
Filipinos are Austronesians, the same stock as the Malays, native Indonesians etc. Before the Spanish came, Filipino culture was largely similar to their cousins throughout the Malay Archipelago.

菲律賓是南島人，和馬來人，印尼原住民等都是同一民族，在西班牙人到來之前，菲律賓的文化和馬來群島的表親是很相似的。

David Hichkok
But Korea was colonized, it experienced several great wars and etc.

但韓國同樣也被殖民了，而且還經(jīng)歷了幾場大戰(zhàn)

Vikram Garg
Korea was colonized for a relatively short period of time by the Japanese. But this did not change the nature of the Korean elite, who still speak Korean. In fact, many Korean elites became Christian, whereas Christianity is almost non-existent in Japan.
To contrast with say India, which experienced a much longer period of colonization. The Indian elite speaks English and has aspired to work for Western governments/corporations for more than a century now.

韓國被日本殖民的時間相對較短，所以這并沒有改變韓國精英的本質(zhì)，他們依然還說韓語。事實(shí)上，很多韓國精英都成了基督徒，而日本幾乎是沒有基督教的國家。
相比之下，比如印度，它被殖民的時間要比韓國長的多。一個多世紀(jì)殖民統(tǒng)治造成的結(jié)果就是，現(xiàn)在印度精英都說英語，并渴望為西方政府和企業(yè)工作。

原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://nxnpts.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

為什么東亞國家普遍要比東南亞發(fā)達(dá)？

為什么東亞國家普遍要比東南亞發(fā)達(dá)？