日本：衰退的經(jīng)濟(jì)【下】
Japan - The Fading Economy
譯文簡(jiǎn)介
油管網(wǎng)友：這很好地顯示了經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)字是多么的沒有意義。你去過日本嗎？它不完美，但是相對(duì)美國(guó)和歐盟，它好太多了。美國(guó)是少數(shù)成功者的天堂，其他人得為此付出代價(jià)。
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Now they have started giving out huge loans to other countries and nominal interest rates.
現(xiàn)在，他們開始以名義上的利率，向其他國(guó)家發(fā)放巨額的貸款。
Every Marxist economist knows that growth cannot continue forever, and they don''t see this as a bad thing.
每個(gè)馬克思主義經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，都知道增長(zhǎng)是不可能永遠(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去的，他們并不認(rèn)為這是一件壞事。
And why does their need to be ever lasting growth? Imagine that and how big earth is. Even the roman empire shrank.
他們?yōu)槭裁葱枰掷m(xù)的增長(zhǎng)呢？想象以下，那樣地球得有多大。即便是羅馬帝國(guó)，也會(huì)萎縮。
Hey, on the bright side, at least great hentai exists now...
嘿，好的方面來說，現(xiàn)在至少還有極好的色情動(dòng)漫啊……
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Japan has become Europe In other words Developed, when you''re developed you just don''t grow
日本已經(jīng)變成了歐洲，換句話說，變成發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家了，當(dāng)你發(fā)達(dá)以后，你就不會(huì)再變大的
Just got a job offer in japan don''t scare me like this man
剛謀到了一份在日本的工作機(jī)會(huì)，現(xiàn)實(shí)并不像是這個(gè)人講得這么可怕
Japanese do have one major competitive advantage: Their anime. Of course now even the Chinese are trying to challenge it with their own animated series.
日本人確實(shí)有個(gè)主要的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)：他們的動(dòng)漫。當(dāng)然了，現(xiàn)在即便是中國(guó)人，也在試圖用他們自己的動(dòng)漫系列來挑戰(zhàn)它。
Japan will be ok , all the of the rest of devolved countries and then after they become devolved the rest of the world will face the same problems -and will look to Japan for the solution
日本會(huì)沒事的，所有其他發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，或其他待發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家，都會(huì)面臨著日本同樣的問題，也都會(huì)向日本取經(jīng)尋求解決方案。
I’m pretty sure they’ll be fine, endless economic growth is impossible of course, it has to end sometime
我十分確信他們會(huì)沒事的，無限的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)當(dāng)然是不可能的，總有一天會(huì)結(jié)束的。
Is there a study for sustaining an economy without assuming infinite growth? As it sounds like economies cannot keep growing forever. They eventually seem to hit stagnation.
是否有關(guān)于維持經(jīng)濟(jì)無限增長(zhǎng)的研究？聽起來，經(jīng)濟(jì)不可能永遠(yuǎn)保持增長(zhǎng)，它們最終會(huì)陷入停滯。
Errr you list the rise of the Asian competitors as one of the reasons for the economic stagnation but skip the rest... what about the Plaza Accord that was forced on them by the US, the most direct and damaging cause to the slow down of their economy.
呃，你把亞洲的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的崛起，列為日本經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯的原因之一，但卻忽略了其他的原因……例如美國(guó)強(qiáng)加給日本的廣場(chǎng)協(xié)議，這可是他們經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩的最直接、最具破壞性的原因。
The Japanese car industry isnt really being out preformed by south Korean countries. Toyota is still by far the largest car manufacturer and Honda still makes the most gasoline powered engines
日本的汽車工業(yè)并沒有被韓國(guó)擠下舞臺(tái)。豐田依然是世界上最大的汽車制造商，本田仍然制造了大多數(shù)的汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。
This shows very well how meaningless this economic numbers are. Have you ever been in Japan? Its not perfect, but preferable to the US and EU. The US is good for the small number of winners. Everyone else has to pay for it.
這很好地顯示了經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)字是多么的沒有意義。你去過日本嗎？它不完美，但是相對(duì)美國(guó)和歐盟，它好太多了。美國(guó)是少數(shù)成功者的天堂，其他人得為此付出代價(jià)。
I love this content! Thank you and keep it up!
我喜歡這個(gè)內(nèi)容！謝謝，繼續(xù)加油！
“Deflation will make an economy come to a grinding halt” ... um no, production will fall until prices rise back to break even
“通貨緊縮會(huì)讓經(jīng)濟(jì)陷入停滯”……額，不是這樣，通貨緊縮會(huì)導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)量下降，直到價(jià)格回升以維持供需平衡。
You forgot to mention japan''s signing of the plaza accord trade deal with USA that led to its downfall
你忘了說，日本與美國(guó)簽訂了“廣場(chǎng)協(xié)議”這個(gè)貿(mào)易協(xié)議，這個(gè)導(dǎo)致了它的衰敗
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A timeline would help. Japan faltered after the war, and was going to turn socialist. That is why the US intervened with aid, like the Dodge Plan. It must be pointed out it was mostly aid in the form of loans, and so Japan became a high-debt country right from the start of the boom.
弄個(gè)時(shí)間軸，會(huì)更好理解些。二戰(zhàn)以后，日本步履蹣跚，準(zhǔn)備轉(zhuǎn)向社會(huì)主義了。這也是美國(guó)為日本提供援助（例如道奇計(jì)劃）的原因。必須要指出的是，美國(guó)的援助主要是貸款形式的援助，所以日本的經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮，從一開始就是一個(gè)高負(fù)債的國(guó)家。
Since their money earns no interest, it holds back consumption. Savers are penalized in almost every aspect of the country now. Near-zero or even negative interest rates combined with artificial Abenomics (cack) inflation.
自從他們的錢沒什么利息之后，這就阻礙了日本人的消費(fèi)。這個(gè)國(guó)家的儲(chǔ)蓄者，幾乎在每個(gè)方面都受到了懲罰。日本面臨著零利率甚至負(fù)利率、加上安倍經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人為造成的通貨膨脹。
So, we aspire to infinitely grow in a finite world? How does that work?
所以，在有限的世界里，我們渴望有著無限的增長(zhǎng)？怎么可能呢？
Yes and no. There’s a ton of undervalued equities and unused capital. I see an opportunity from the governments perspective.
是又不是。日本有大量被低估的股票和閑散的資本。從政府的角度，我看到了一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。
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Interesting history of Japan''s economy!
日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的有趣歷史！
So Japan still hasn''t fully recovered from the ''90s economic bubble burst?
所以，90年代的經(jīng)濟(jì)泡沫破裂，日本到現(xiàn)在還沒完全恢復(fù)過來？
I love the fact that you chose instrumental version of the ''''House of the rising sun'''' song for this video
這個(gè)視頻配的音樂，是樂器版的《日升之屋》，我很喜歡
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It''s the commercial banks who are paying to the central bank.
付錢給中央銀行的，是商業(yè)銀行。
All because someone jinxed it.
一切都是因?yàn)槟硞€(gè)人搞砸了。
why people still complaining abt jpanese peole do a crime at war . meanwhile america kill hundered thousand kids in japan
為什么仍然有人在抱怨，日本人在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之中犯下的罪行呢？而與此同時(shí)呢，美國(guó)在日本，殺害了成百上千的孩子。
I seem to remember that it was a sort of property crash Followed by a government raid on their pension funds. Also blame the Japanese companies that gave their technology away to South Korea etc.
我依稀記得，日本的衰退是因?yàn)榉康禺a(chǎn)的崩盤，隨后日本政府對(duì)養(yǎng)老金進(jìn)行了突擊保護(hù)。也怪日本公司將技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓給了韓國(guó)等國(guó)家。
Simple problems too many people too little land. Lacking in natural resouces, they tried to fix that with the war. It didnt work.
問題很簡(jiǎn)單啊：日本人口太多，地太少，自然資源匱乏。他們想通過戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)解決這個(gè)問題，但沒成功。
There was clearly some kind of change in Japan in the early 1990''s, but I don''t know what. In the early 1990''s, I bought Sony everything--TV, amplifier, speakers, WalkMan, DVD players. They were the best. Then they stopped. Sony started to try defending their old systems, not allowing new tech. I haven''t bought anything Sony this millenium.
1990年代初，很明顯在日本發(fā)生了些變化，但我不知道具體是什么變化。1990年代早期的時(shí)候，索尼的所用東西我都買了，電視機(jī)、擴(kuò)音器、揚(yáng)聲器、隨身聽、DVD播放器，它們都是最好的產(chǎn)品。然后，突然就沒有了。索尼開始維持他們那老舊的體制，不允許出現(xiàn)新的科技。在這個(gè)千禧年，我再也沒買過索尼的任何產(chǎn)品。
No plaza accord? USA kneecapped Japanese economy just like they tried to do to China currently. However they succeeded with Japan, while China is not USA vassal/subservient state like Japan, so China isn''t going to just roll over.
怎么沒提廣場(chǎng)協(xié)議呢？美國(guó)打碎了日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的膝蓋，就像他們現(xiàn)在相對(duì)中國(guó)做的那樣。這招對(duì)付日本，他們成功了，然而中國(guó)不像日本，它不是美國(guó)的附庸國(guó)，所以中國(guó)不會(huì)向美國(guó)屈服的。
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I like how you predict the future of nations who become workshops of the world. On my part, I''m wondering if innovation is also a factor. Maybe cultural norms in Japan make people very efficient. That''s maybe good for factories, but not for growth.
我喜歡你預(yù)測(cè)哪些國(guó)家未來會(huì)成為世界的工廠。就我而言，我在想，創(chuàng)新是否也是其中一個(gè)因素呢。日本的文化規(guī)范也許讓人非常有效率。對(duì)于工廠來講，這可能是好的方面，但是卻不利于發(fā)展。
I, as a Japanese high school student, am worried about the future of my country：(
我，作為一名日本的高中生，十分擔(dān)心我們國(guó)家的未來：(
I think that the benefits of deflation outweigh the negatives and that it probably wouldn''t grind an economy to a halt because people''s wants and needs don''t disappear.
我認(rèn)為，通貨緊縮的好處要大于它的壞處，它不大可能讓經(jīng)濟(jì)陷于停滯，因?yàn)槿藗兊目释托枨蟛]有消失。
I visited Tokyo last year and fell in love! I hope to live there someday!
去年我訪問了東京，并且愛上了那里！希望有天我能住在那里！
Economics is just like physics. The moment you see "infinite" numbers you know something is wrong.
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)就像物理學(xué)。當(dāng)你看到“無限的”數(shù)字的時(shí)候，你就知道哪兒出毛病了。
It seems Japan has became the old man of the world, they will need to start thinking in terms of decades and maybe centuries.
看起來日本變成了這個(gè)世界的老人，他們需要開始考慮幾十年甚至幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的事情。
I live in Iran, the central bank is under the direct control of the government and because it''s want to pay the banks debt mismanagement and stolen money from corruption it has dued the Rial to dollar 3 times its original value in 2017 and the ordinary people lost all their saving and to put on that we are now sanctioned by the U.S because we abide by the U.N resolution and The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, so we the people of Iran are under attack from our government and foreign countries and are broke, because every thing are now tripled we can''t marry by house (in Iran you have to pay the full price of a house fist) and the company''s are laying lots of employees and all those people are now working in uber so that''s how life in Iran is now and we are the scound angry people of the world
我住在伊朗，央行現(xiàn)在處于政府的直接控制之下，因?yàn)樗雰斶€銀行的壞賬和腐敗的贓款，它已經(jīng)把里亞爾兌美元的匯率，從2017年原來的價(jià)格，貶值了三倍，普通老百姓失去了所有的儲(chǔ)蓄，搞得我們現(xiàn)在受到了美國(guó)的制裁。我們之所以會(huì)受到制裁，是因?yàn)槲覀冏袷亓寺?lián)合國(guó)的決議和聯(lián)合行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。所以我們伊朗人民受到了我們政府和外國(guó)的聯(lián)合打擊，我們破產(chǎn)了，因?yàn)槊繕訓(xùn)|西的價(jià)格都翻了三倍，我們沒房子結(jié)婚（在伊朗，你買房子必須首先付全款），企業(yè)解雇了很多員工，所有這些人都開始開uber，這就是伊朗現(xiàn)在的生活，我們現(xiàn)在是世界上第二憤怒的人群。
Economy is just all about MAKIN’ MONEY CIRCULATE! Building a new infrastructure by contracting a private company seems to be a brainy excuse to make the money go round, but what if the money gets spent for the government officials’ private possessions overseas instead?
經(jīng)濟(jì)就是為了讓錢流通起來！將新的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，承包給一家私營(yíng)企業(yè)，似乎是個(gè)聰明的借口，可以讓這些錢運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)起來，但是，如果把錢轉(zhuǎn)移到政府官員在海外的私人財(cái)產(chǎn)上，該怎么辦？
What is your take on the emergence of new economic power houses in the Americas?
你對(duì)美洲的新興經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國(guó)的崛起，有何看法？
Japan products are the Best. THE BEST
日本產(chǎn)品是最好的。最好的
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Kawaii culture was a mistake
卡哇伊這種文化，是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤
Japan needs to start having children by offering tax incentives for things like nurseries and to start making it easier for mothers to work. Young men need to stop watching porn and falling in love with cartoon characters!
日本需要開始生孩子了，應(yīng)該為托兒所之類的機(jī)構(gòu)提供稅收優(yōu)惠，讓媽媽們更容易開始工作。年輕人需要停止觀看色情片，不要再沉溺卡通人物了。
I stoped watching at the moment you threw idealistic crap like the USA generosity being the key part of Japan''s boom while failing to mention how Japan''s economy was practically controlled by the state through its regulation of the banks until the 80''s
當(dāng)你拋出唯心主義的廢話，說日本的繁榮的關(guān)鍵是美國(guó)的慷慨，我就停止了觀看。你沒有提及日本經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)際上是由國(guó)家控制的，直到80年代它還在對(duì)銀行實(shí)施監(jiān)管。
Change work culture by providing generous parental leave and more sustainable work hours
可以通過慷慨的育嬰假和更具持續(xù)性的工作時(shí)間，以此來改變?nèi)毡镜墓ぷ魑幕?/b>
Who cares if your economy isn''t constantly growing. If you''re happy with your life, then why bother.
誰又在乎你的經(jīng)濟(jì)是否持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)呢。如果你對(duì)你的生活很滿意，何必再費(fèi)心呢。
Along with manufacturing japanese should focus on agriculture japanese have plenty of water
跟發(fā)展制造業(yè)一樣，日本人應(yīng)該聚焦農(nóng)業(yè)，因?yàn)槿毡居兄S富的水資源
Basically Japan failed to introduce (OG) Keynsian style stimulus despite all the borrowing, which was more of a boon to already wealthy people. Japan could by all means borrow its way out of its low growth if it wanted. Note that Japan''s debt is mostly with Japanese people in Yen in the first place, which the government can borrow at any rate it wants (courtesy of BoJ policy decisions).
基本上來講，雖然有這么多的貸款，日本卻未能推出凱恩斯式的經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激方案，這對(duì)于已經(jīng)富有的人群來說，更多的是一種福利。如果想的話，日本完全可以盡一切可能去借錢，以擺脫低增長(zhǎng)的困境。需要注意的是，日本的債務(wù)主要是日本人持有的日元，日本政府可以以任何利率（由日本央行決定）借入日元。
You must be referring to the Philippines, Out debt increases by 1 trillion US dollar per 3 years
你應(yīng)該提提菲律賓，他們的外債每三年增加一萬億美元
Don''t forget the USA started a trade war with Japan in the 80''s. Just like what''s happening to China.
別忘了美國(guó)曾在80年代跟日本展開過一場(chǎng)貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。就像現(xiàn)在對(duì)中國(guó)那樣。
I would say China is stepping in the direction just like Japan did.
我想說，中國(guó)正在步日本的后塵。